Book Review 13

I read a book. The name is ‘Wind Power.’ The main place is the Gale Hills Town Hall. The town has the issue. The issue is that a company called Wind Future wants to erect wind turbines in Gale Hills. And they will discuss about wind power. The Mayor of Gale Hills is Sarah. She is chairperson. She introduces two people. Dave is from Wind Future. Wind Future wants to set wind turbines and generate electronic power. Eva is from P.A.W.T-People Against Wind Turbines. And they present their points of view. I read their presentation. And I could know that wind power. Wind power is created by wind turbines. The blades of the turbine are powered by the wind, and when the blades turn, they power a generator that is inside the turbine. This generator creates electricity. There are more than 35000 wind turbines around the world. Wind power is a clean form of energy. The more wind power we use, the less we need to use other energy sources, like coal. Using coal to produce electricity aerates a lot of greenhouse gases. And the wind turbines will attract tourists to the town. These people will spend money in local businesses. But wind turbines destroy the landscape. The town has a beautiful landscape with unspoiled hills. And wind turbines are noisy. The town has the amount of wind. So the wind turbines are going to be very noisy. And birds and bats might fly into the blades and be killed. I thought the wind power issue is very hard problem. Wind power has good points and bad points. I want to know the town’s conclusion. In Japan, there are such problems. For example, dam problems and nuclear power plant problems. It is important for us to do talk such town. (300words)

Book Review 12

I read a book. The name is ‘Dogs at Work.’ Dogs are often called ‘people’s best friends.’ They make good pets because they are loyal, playful and intelligent. Dogs don’t just make great pets. They help people in many different ways. For example; helping people with sight problems to move around safely, helping make stays in hospital more enjoyable for people, care for people with a disability and stop drugs and other illegal goods from coming into a country. The book shows me their works. Guide dogs help people who have major sight problems to move around safely. Hospital dogs are dogs that are companions for people who are in hospital or in homes for the elderly. Care dogs help people who have an illness or injury that affects the use of their hands, arms, legs or back. Sniffer dogs are trained to detect certain smells. Most sniffer dogs are used to detect illegal drugs, explosives or other dangerous devices. Dogs that help people are trained when they are puppies. And they make people happy. I thought dogs are great. They make people happy. I follow them. I love dog. I think dogs are very loyal and pure. I have a dog. But she is lazy and she always sleeps. But when she finds food, her eyes are brightening. I love her.(222words)

Book Review 11

I read a book ‘Hot and Cold.’ I learned temperature. Temperature is measured on a scale. There are two scales; Celsius and Fahrenheit. The Celsius scale is named after a man called Ander Celsius. He lived from 1701-1744. On Celsius scale, water freezes at 0 degree and water boils at 100 degree. The Fahrenheit scale is named after a man called Daniel Fahrenheit. He lived from 1686-1736. On the Fahrenheit scale, water freezes at 32 degree and water boils at 212 degree. Some countries use the Celsius scale. And some countries use the Fahrenheit scale. Japan uses the Celsius scale. And I didn’t know what ℃ is. But the book told me ℃ means Celsius. Most parts of the world have hot season and cold season. Some parts of the world are hot all of year. For example, Libya is hot all of the year. Some parts of the world are cold all of the year. I live in Kumamoto. Kumamoto is comparatively worm. But I feel very cold now. So If I visit Antarctica, I will freeze because Antarctica is very cold. If I visit Libya, I will fall down because Libya is very hot. But the frigid climate is one of the attractions of Antarctica. The hot climate is also one of the attractions of Libya.(218words) 　　

The Expansion of Latin

Latin extended this territory around the Italian peninsula with extending Rome’s power. And Latin contacted other languages which were already in this area. There were Oscan, Umbrian and Etruscan; these languages were spoken in ancient Italian peninsula. And Latin contacted The Celtic languages; these languages were spoken by Celt in north Italy. In south Italy, people spoke Greek; Greek had big prestige and high culture at that time.
Rome advanced their power to other countries which were outside Italy. Also, French and Egypt were conquered too. Rome commanded his territories by Latin. And Roman settled many parts of the territories. So Latin was carried by them and gradually took root. Rome made schools many part of the territories and used Latin for education. So people who lived outside Italian peninsula gradually used Latin as mother tongue too.
Especially, Latin was affected by Greek. Greek was country which had high civilization. Greek civilization’s progress was earlier than Rome. But Greek was overthrown by Roman armament on the war. But Greek had high culture. So Greek gave Rome big influence. Especially, Rome adopted Greek words in Latin. First, Greek was taken in Latin by the common people because Rome extended the territory and increased people whom had civil rights. There were many people who spoke Greek in them. Second, Greek was taken in Latin by the learned people after adoption by the common people. They adopted Greek words for the progress of literature. Greek had rich vocabulary so Roman learned people adopted Greek as it is in their works.
Latin extended the territory and was grown by other language with extending Rome’s territory. (271words)

Growth of Latin

Now, Italian speaks almost Italian. There are German and French in some area. But a long time ago Latin was spoken. Latin originally was spoken by the Latin races in Italian Peninsula. And Latin became official language in Roman Empire. And Latin was official language in the Roman Catholic Church. Now Latin is still official language in the Vatican City. Now Latin wasn’t almost spoken. But Latin influenced various languages and left this vestige in around the world.
About B.C.1000 ago, Latin originally was language of the Ural-Altai family. They called them ‘Latini’ and called their area ‘Latium.’ So their language was called ‘Lingua Latina.’ It is origin of ‘Latin.’
About B.C. 800 ago, ‘Rome’ started. Roman didn’t have their letters. But they knew Greek letter through Etruria. And they follow Greek and make their letter. It is the Roman alphabet. There is a close relation between Rome and Etruria. Etruria had big power. This state was golden age in B.C.700. But Rome attacked Etruria. And Rome won the battle and got Etruria in B.C. 300. Etruria was influenced by Greece.
Rome expanded their territory and Latin for their big power. And they knew the high civilization of Greek. Latin was still poor then. So they got many loan words from Greek. And Latin became the high language. Latin was used to politics, justice, administration, literatures and sciences. (228words)

Book Review 10

I read a book ‘Ice on Earth.’ The book showed me some kind of ice on earth. Earth was covered by different things; grass, rock, water. Some of this water is in the form of ice. There are different kinds of ice on Earth. There are ice sheets, ice caps, ice shelves, icebergs and sea ice. Ice sheets are the biggest kind of ice form on Earth. Ice sheets cover areas bigger than 50000 square kilometers. The biggest ice sheet on Earth covers Antarctica. Ice caps are like ice sheets. But ice caps are smaller than 50000 square kilometers. Ice shelves are very big of ices that are on land and on water. The Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica is the biggest ice shelf on Earth. The Ross Ice Shelf is bigger than 500000 square kilometers. Icebergs are big lumps of ice that float in sea. Sea ice is ice that forms on sea water. The book showed me their pictures. I feel cold. But the ices and the scenes are very beautiful. The ices are very big. I was surprised. And Antarctica’s sky is very clear. I think Earth is very beautiful and great. I was born in Kumamoto. And I live here now. Kumamoto doesn’t have a lot of snow. Aso in Kumamoto has a lot of snow. But areas I live in Kumamoto don’t have a lot of snow. But few days ago, when I got up, it is a lot of snow. I was exciting and I slipped. The pictures on the book are very beautiful. But there is problem. It is global warming. Global warming melts the ices. This is very serious problems. We live on Earth. Earth is very beautiful. We must protect our Earth. I don’t like cold. But I want to visit Antarctica someday.(302words)

Roman Empire

Rome is the capital city of Italy. Rome has a glorious past for more than 2000 years. Now, Rome retains the atmosphere. Roman Empire had flourished for 400 years. Roman Empire was first huge city in the history. Roman Empire was political power, economy power and many folk powers. This city have various race, language and religion, but this city could pull together them. The reason is integration. Roman Empire aimed cultural assimilation with Roman culture and another. And this city aimed folk integration and assured comfortable city. This effort catches people heart. This city laid the foundation of huge nation and carried prosperity, because this city did not strong armament but adaptable peace policy.(115words)

Book Review 9

I read a book ‘Aspirin.’ I heard the name. But I didn’t know what it is. So I looked up the word in my dictionary for the meaning. And my dictionary told me that aspirin is a medicine. I often take the medicine. The book showed me about aspirin. Aspirin is the most widely used medicine in the world. People take aspirin around the world for over 100 years. When they have a fever, they take aspirin. And aspirin help to stop headaches and other aches and pains. In 500BC, people made tea with willow bark. And they found that it helped to stop pain. In 1828, Johann Buchner used salicin as a medicine. In 1853, Charles Gerhardt added some other chemicals help to stop stomach pains to the salicin. In 1883, Felix Hoffman used Gerhardt’s notes to make medicine. And the medicine worked. In 1898, the factory began to make it. And they sold it as a powder. In 1915, aspirin powder was made into a tablet. Today, one billion aspirin tablets are taken each week all over the world. As well as for pain and fevers, aspirin is now used for other things, such as heart problems and some cancers. It is no wonder aspirin has been called a wonder drug. I was surprised aspirin’s material. It is willow bark. I found plants have various powers. And people made aspirin are very great. There are many and various medicines now. I must choice best medicine for my symptom. I am glad to progress medical science and pharmacy. So we can live a long life. I hope to be invented a medicine win cancers. (275words)

Book Review 8

I read a book. The name is ‘The Great Wall of China.’ The Great Wall of China is the longest man-made structure on earth. The wall has a distance of more than 4000 kilometers across north of china. The wall is an important historical site. And the wall was joined on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1987. The wall was originally built as a form of defense to keep invader out. But today, millions of tourists visit China to see The Great Wall. The book’s narrator is a girl love China. She studies Chinese language at school. As a part of their studies, she and her classmates visited China. It was their best time. Their best memory was visiting the Great Wall of China. When she saw the wall first, she was amazed and impressed. They had a guide called Ran. And she told them about the wall and the wall’s history. And narrator showed me about Chinese history and the wall. The narrator says the wall is like a dragon rising up from the ground. I think so too. I know the wall from childhood. China has strong civilization and deep history. I was surprised that the wall is MAN-MADE structure on earth. The workers were very hard. I think the workers had a lot of guts. I like china. And I am interested in Chinese history. China has very long past. I learned Chinese history in world history class when I was junior high school student. But I couldn’t learn the words by heart. So I want to learn Chinese history again. I want to visit China. If I visit china, I will go to the Great Wall of China. China has very great places. I know some great places because I saw the places on TV. For example, I want to visit Guilin. Guilin is very beautiful site. Someday, I want to visit Guilin and see beautiful scene. I have Chinese friend. She speaks Japanese and English. I think she is great. I went to go to Kumamoto castle with her. We took a lot of picture. And we eat lunch. We had a good time. In March, she go back China. So I want to do a lot of talk with her.(377words)

Book Review 7

I read a book. The name is ‘Dams.’ The book showed me four kinds of dams and these features. A dam is structure built across a river or other body of water. Dams are built retain water in reservoir or to hold water back. There are four kinds of dams. They are arch dams, buttress dams, embankment dams and gravity dams. Arch dams are curved. Buttress dams have supports on one side to help make them strong. Embankment dams huge dams made of earth and rock and hold water in a reservoir. Gravity dams are huge and heavy dams. I don’t know the kinds of dams. I thought dams have all same structures. I found dam’s function and structures. And I thought dam’s scale were very big. It is very important to hold water back. Today, Japan has some dam’s problems. The problem’s solutions are very hard. Maybe, the solution has long time. I hope that the problems will be solved through the best ways. The book showed me some pictures of dams. I could know various dams. And I thought dams in the world are bigger than Japan’s them because other countries rivers are very big. Someday, I want to see the dams. (204words)